Statement
of the Federal Trade Commission Concerning Royal Caribbean Cruises
Ltd/P&O
Princess Cruises plc and Carnival Corporation/P&O Princess Cruises
plc (FTC File No. 021 0041, October 5, 2002), <www.ftc.gov/os/2002/10/cruisestatement.htm>
Dissenting Statement of Commissioners
Sheila F. Anthony and Mozelle W.
Thompson, Royal Caribbean/Princess and Carnival/Princess (FTC
File No. 021-0041, October
5, 2002),
<www.ftc.gov/os/2002/10/cruisedissent.htm>
General Accounting Office
Maritime Law Exemption: Exemption Provides Limited Competitive
Advantage, but Barriers to Further Entry under U.S. Flag Remain,
Feb 2004 (Report GAO-04-421) Marine Pollution:
Progress Made to Reduce Marine Pollution by Cruise
Ships,
But Important Issues Remain, Feb 2000 (Report RCED-00-48)
Abstract: Federal data indicate that foreign-flagged cruise ships
were
involved in 87 confirmed illegal discharge cases in U.S. waters during
1993-98.
Oil or related chemicals were discharged in 81 cases, while six
involved
discharges of garbage orplastic. About 75%
of these
cases were accidental. Efforts of USCG and the U.S. Department of
Justice to prevent,
detect, investigate or prosecute these illegal marine discharges are
surveyed.
A survey of 12 cruise ship companies confirms that they have
implemented new or
updated environmental plans designed to enhance ship safety and prevent
pollution. Despite such progress, USCG and others maintain that cruise
ship
companies must demonstrate a sustained commitment to eliminate illegal
discharges at sea. Coast
Guard: Additional
Actions Needed to Improve Cruise Ship Safety, 1993 (Report
RCED-93-103)
House
of Representatives
House Committee on
Transportation and Infrastructure.
Subcommittee on
Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation. Cruise ship
safety : hearing
before the Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation of
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of
Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, first session, October 7,
1999, 2000,
Washiongton, DC: GPO (Document No. Y 4.T
68/2:106-45)
House of
Representatives, Coverage of
Certain Federal Labour Laws to Foreign Documented Vessels,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1994 (House Report #103-818; Document No.
Y1.1/8:103-818)
House Committee on
Transportation and Infrastructure.
Subcommittee on
Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation. Effect of the
Passenger Services Act on
the domestic cruise industry: hearing before the Subcommittee on Coast
Guard and Maritime Transportation of
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of
Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, April 28,
1998, 1998,
Washiongton, DC: GPO (Document No. Y 4.T
68/2:105-65)
House
Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries. Cruise
ship
health and safety: hearings,
September 28 and October 6, 1994,
before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and the Subcommittee on
Coast Guard and Navigation, on health
and safety practices of cruise
ships operating from American ports and investigate the Legionnaires'
disease outbreak aboard the
Celebrity Cruise vessel Horizon
103d Cong., 2d sess.
(Serial no. 103-124), Washington, DC:GPO,
1994. (Document No. Y 4.M 53:103-124)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on Coast
Guard and Navigation. US
Passenger Vessel Development Act: hearings befor the Subcommittee on
Coast Guard and Navigation of the Committee
on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, 103rd
Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 3821 June 14, 1994,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1994 (Document No. Y 4.M 53:103-99)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries.
US
Passenger Vessel Development
and Tax: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of the
Committee
on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, 103rd
Congress, Second Session, on H.R. 3821 and H.R. 3822 April 13, 1994,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1994 (Document No. Y 4.M 53:103-96)
House
Committee on Education and Labor, Subcommittee on Labor Standards,
Occupational Health and Saftey. Hearings
before the Subcommittee on Labor
Standards, Occupational Health, and Safety of the Committee on
Education and
Labor of the House of Representatives, May 13, 1993, Washington,
DC: GPO, 1993 (Document No. Y4 ED8/1 103-9)
House Committee on
Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee
on Coast Guard and Navigation. Pollution
from cruise ships and Coast Guard prevention: hearings before the
Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Navigation of the
Committee
on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, 103rd
Congress, first Session, May 11, 1993,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1993 (Document No. Y 4.M 53:103-20)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine. Federal labor
law
coverage to foreign flag ships: hearing before the Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fishreies,
House of Representatives, 102nd Congress, 2nd session, on HR 1126,
September 23, 1992,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1993 (Document
No. Y 4.M 53:102-103
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine. Maritime
Reform Act
of 1992: hearing before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of
the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fishreies, House of
Representatives, 102nd Congress, 2nd session, on HR 5627, a bill to
amend the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended to establish a
contingency retainer program and improve the United States-flah
merchant marine, July 8, 1992, July 23, 1992, and July 24, 1992,
Washington,
DC: GPO, 1992 (Document No. Y 4.M 53:102-102)
House Committee on Education
and Labor. Coverage of
Certain Federal Labor Laaws to
Foreign Flag Ships,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1992 (House Report No.
102-984)
House Committee on
Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee
on
Merchant Marine. U.S.-Flag
Cruise
Ship Competitiveness Act of 1991: hearing, October 10, 1991, on H.R.
3282, a bill to provide
for the equity of revenue availability
on American and foreign cruise vessels, the regulation of gaming on
vessels, penalties for gambling
violations, and for other purposes
(102d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. 102-60), 1992, Washington,
DC:GPO.
(Document No. 4.M 53:102-60).
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on Coast
Guard and Navigation. Foreign-flagged
cruise vessel safety : hearing before the Subcommittee on Coast Guard
and Navigation of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House
of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, on
oversight of the U.S. Coast Guard and International Maritime
Organization regulation of the foreign-flagged cruise industry
operating out of United States ports, May 29, 1991, 1991,
Washington, DC:GPO. (Document No: Y 4.M 53:102-31)
House
Committee on Education and Labor, Subcommittee on Labor
Standards. US-Flag Cruise
Ship
Competitiveness Act of 1991 -- Hearing on HR 1126: hearing
before the Subcommittee on Labor Standards of the Committee
on Education and Labor, House of Respresentatives, 102nd Congress, 1st
session, October 10, 1991, Washington, DC: GPO, 1991
(Document
No. Y 4.Ed 8/1:102-70)
House
Committee on Education and Labor, Subcommittee on Labor-Management
Relations. Hearing on HR
3283,
a bill to extend coverage on certain federal laws to foreign flagships:
hearing before the Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations of the
Committee on Education and Labor, House of Respresentatives, 101st
Congress, 1st session, October 25, 1989, Washington, DC: GPO,
1990 (Serial No. 101-65)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine. Cruise
ship safety: hearings: pts. 1-2, April 19 and June 6, 1990, on safety
conditions and emergency health care facilities aboard cruise ships
operating out of U.S. ports (101st Congress, 2nd session),
Washington, DC:GPO, 1990. (Document Nos. pt. 1: Y 4.M 53:101-114; pt.
2:
Y 4.M 53:101-115)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine. Cruise
ship industry : hearings before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine for
the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of
Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, on foreign-flag
cruise ship industry, April 10, 1985; U.S.-flag cruise ship industry,
May 7, 1985; security of ports and vessels, October 22, 1985,
1986, Washington, DC:GPO. (Document No. Y 4.M 53:99-17)
House Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries, Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine. Extending
coastwise privileges: hearings before the Subcommittee on Merchant
Marine for
the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of
Representatives, Ninety-eighth Congress, first session, on ... HR 2883,
revitalization of the domestic cuise industry, HR 89, Puerto Rico
passenger transportation, S 1015, S 1186, and S 1689, granting
coastwise privileges to certain vessels, Washington, DC: GPO,
1984 (Document No. Y 4.M 53:98-18)
Senate Committee on
Commerce,
Science, and Transportation. S.
1510, the
United States Cruise Ship Tourism Development Act of 1999 : hearing
before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United
States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, first session, October 6,
1999, Washington, DC: GPO, 2002 (Document No. Y 4.C
73/7:S.HRG.106-1065)
Senate Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation, Subcommittee
on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine. S.
668, S. 803, and the domestic cruise ship trade: hearing before
the
Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine of the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States
Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, first session, October 21, 1997.
1998, Washington, DC: GPO (Document No. Y 4.C 73/7:S.HRG.105-759)
Senate Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation, Subcommittee
on Merchant Marine. Oversight
of the foreign-flagged requests of American shipping companies: hearing
before the Subcommittee on Merchant Marine of the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States
Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, August 5, 1993,
1993, Washington, DC: GPO (Document No. Y 4.C 73/7:S.HRG.103-308)
Senate Committee on
Commerce. US
cruise ship revitalization: report to accompany S. 1935,
Washington, DC: GPO, 1986 (Document No. 1.1/5:99-465)
Senate Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation, Subcommittee
on Merchant Marine. Revitalizing
the pleasure cruise industry: hearing before the Subcommittee on
Merchant Marine of the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States
Senate, Ninety-Seventh Congress, second session, on HR 3782 ...
February 9, 1982,
1982, Washington, DC: GPO (Document No. Y 4.C 73/7:97-93)
Source:
http://www.cruiseresearch.org/GRH.html